代表作3
英文原文如下
Creating rule of law with Chinese characteristics ZHANG YI
The development of the country's legal system embodies the essence of Chinese legal culture while embracing useful aspects of foreign law, experts said.
At the first central conference on law-based governance in November last year, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee Xi Jinping said that China should explore a legal path derived from its practice of revolution, construction and reform. He also said that the law in China should embody the excellence of traditional Chinese legal culture and draw lessons from beneficial legal achievements from abroad. The meeting marked the establishment of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law.
Xi highlighted the Chinese path of the rule of law as early as 2014, during the fourth plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. He said in comprehensively advancing the rule of law, it is imperative that China take the right path and pursuing a wrong path would take the country in the opposite direction of what it was trying to accomplish.
Wang Xigen, dean of the school of law at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, Hubei province, said that the Party's leadership is the most important aspect of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics.
"It's the most fundamental guarantee for the pooling of efforts and resources in accomplishing major tasks, and gives full play to the advantages of the rule of law," he said.
The rule of law in China upholds the principal position of the people, Wang said. "It relies on, serves, protects and respects the people and safeguards human rights," he said.
Jiang Shigong, a law professor at Peking University, said that the rule of law is like "a set of tools" that embodies fundamental values. "Laws in China are not designed to protect the interests of capitalists, but to protect public welfare and the interests of all the people," Jiang said.
The significance of socialist rule of law was stressed in a landmark resolution on the major achievements and historical experiences of the Communist Party of China over the past century. The resolution, adopted at the sixth plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee held from Nov 8 to 11, stressed that the Party must remain committed to the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics.
Jiang said that in building the rule of law, China cannot simply copy the West and become a part of the Western legal system, but must seek to integrate its traditions and explore a legal order suited to its civilization.
The rule of law in China should be rooted in the country and its cultural traditions, he said, adding that Chinese culture and values, including patriotism, have been reflected and valued in the rule of law.
Wang said the "excellent and profound" legal culture embodied in the Chinese legal system should be maintained, including the legal traditions of "judging all by law" and "advocating morals and punishing prudently".
China has persisted in its commitment to both the rule of law and to the rule of virtue, he said, adding that "the country is integrating core socialist values into its legal system".
In 2018, the CPC Central Committee announced a plan to fully incorporate core socialist values into legislation over the next five to 10 years. The plan requires the legislation, revision and explanation of laws that embody core socialist values. "Laws and regulations should better reflect the nation's values, the moral orientation of society and the moral standards of citizens," it stated.
Economic laws should uphold the protection of property rights and fair competition, while judicial system reforms should ensure that the people see that justice is served in every case.
China will work on laws conducive to the preservation and development of traditional culture, standardized and equal public services, and promotion of eco-friendly production and consumption.
The National People's Congress, China's top legislature, has been tasked with drafting laws that uphold social morality, such as those protecting the reputations of heroes and martyrs, as well as laws related to the social credit system.
Opening to the outside
Jiang said that in the era of globalization, China's rule of law will undoubtedly be influenced by the West and the country will learn from beneficial aspects of Western law. "This does not conflict with adherence to the socialist rule of law," he added.
China has absorbed many Western legal achievements since reform and opening-up began, especially ones related to the market economy, Jiang said. In civil and commercial laws, as well as economic law, Western legal concepts have been taken into account.
Jiang said China has also been promoting the construction of the rule of law in matters involving foreign legal entities and has trained legal talent on a large scale.
China issued a plan on building the rule of law in January, the country's first plan for advancing the rule of law. It stated that China will improve the legal system and rules related to foreign interests to meet the needs of opening up to the outside world.
According to the plan, China will actively participate in the formulation of international rules, promote the formation of a fair and reasonable international legal system, and accelerate the construction of a legal system applicable outside its jurisdiction.
Jiang said that in the future China will gradually form a unique legal tradition, which will not only absorb modern Western traditions, but also incorporate classical Chinese traditions.
译文如下：
坚持中国特色社会主义法治道路
（2021年12月3日《中国日报》头版见报转3版）
中国日报记者：张怡
法学专家表示，中国的法律体系建设既传承了中国法律文化的精髓，同时也吸收借鉴了国外法律的有益成果。
2020年11月，中央全面依法治国工作会议召开。会上，习近平总书记强调，要从我国革命、建设、改革的实践中探索适合自己的法治道路。习近平总书记指出，要传承中华优秀传统法律文化，同时借鉴国外法治有益成果。这次会议首次提出并系统阐述了习近平法治思想。
早在2014年，习近平总书记在十八届四中全会上就强调了中国法治道路的重要性。他指出，全面推进依法治国，必须走对路。如果路走错了，就会南辕北辙了。
华中科技大学法学院院长汪习根说，坚持党的领导是中国特色社会主义法治的最显著特征。
“这是凝聚合力、集中力量办大事、发挥依法治国最大优势的最根本保证。”他说。
汪习根表示，依法治国始终坚持人民的主体地位。“一切依靠人民、为了人民、保护人民，并且尊重和保障人权。”
北京大学法学教授强世功表示，法治就像是“一套工具”，它体现着最基本的价值。“中国的法律不是为了保护资本家的利益，而是为了保护全体人民的福祉和利益。”
《中共中央关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议》中也强调了坚持社会主义法治的重要性。2021年11月8日至11日召开的党的十九届六中全会审议通过了这份《决议》，它强调必须坚持走中国特色社会主义法治道路。
强世功表示，中国法治建设不可能简单照搬照抄西方的法治秩序，成为西方法系的一部分，而必须融入到自己的文明传统中，探寻与自己的文明秩序相匹配的法治秩序。
中国法治要扎根中国大地，扎根中国文化传统。中国文化和价值观，例如爱国主义，在中国法治中都有体现，他补充说道。
汪习根指出，中国法律体系中体现的优秀深厚的法律文化，例如“一断于法”、“明德慎罚”等，应该被传承下去。
他表示，中国坚持依法治国和以德治国相结合。“中国正在把社会主义核心价值观融入法治体系之中。”
2018年，中共中央印发了《社会主义核心价值观融入法治建设立法修法规划》（以下简称《规划》），强调力争经过5到10年时间，推动社会主义核心价值观全面融入中国特色社会主义法律体系。《规划》要求把核心价值观融入立法、修法以及法律的阐释中。《规划》指出，法律法规要更好体现国家的价值目标、社会的价值取向、公民的价值准则。
《规划》明确，社会主义市场经济法律制度要以保护产权、公平竞争等为基本导向；司法体制改革要努力让人民群众在每一个案件中感受到公平正义。
《规划》指出，中国要建立健全有利于中华优秀传统文化传承发展的法律制度；推动基本公共服务标准化、均等化；加快建立绿色生产和消费的法律制度。
此外，《规划》还明确，中国将加强关于道德领域突出问题的立法工作，例如，制定英雄烈士保护方面的法律、探索完善社会信用体系相关法律制度等。
坚持对外开放
北大法学专家强世功表示，在全球化时代，中国法治建设无疑会受到西方法治的影响，也会积极借鉴吸收西方法治中的有益要素。“这和坚持社会主义法治道路并不冲突。”
他表示，改革开放后，中国吸收了很多西方法治的有益成果，尤其是和市场经济相关的法律。在民法商法和一些经济领域法律立法过程中，都借鉴了西方相关法律的成果。
此外，中国也在致力于涉外法治建设，大规模培养涉外法律人才，他说。
2021年1月，中共中央印发《法治中国建设规划(2020－2025年)》（以下简称《法治中国建设规划》），这是第一个关于法治中国建设的专门规划。《法治中国建设规划》明确表明，中国将完善涉外法律和规则体系，以适应高水平对外开放的需要。
《法治中国建设规划》表明，中国将积极参与国际规则制定，推动形成公正合理的国际规则体系。加快推进中国法域外适用的法律体系建设。
强世功表示，未来中国将逐渐形成一个独特的法律传统，既吸收了西方现代法律的传统，又融合了中国古典传统。（完）
